• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first

  2024-11-11

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• Introduction The burden of cardiovascular

  2024-11-11

  

  Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is undisputed, accounting for approximately a third of global deaths (17.5 million people in 2012) (WHO, 2012). Atherosclerosis leads to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) which accounts for more than 40% of these deaths (WHO, 201

• aspartame products br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgeme

  2024-11-11

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This work was sponsored by grants from Longyan University Scientific Research Fund for the Young Scholars (LQ2016010), Middle-aged and Young Teachers Education Research Projects of Fujian Province (JAT170569), Longyan University Scientific Research Fund f

• br There are three types of HT receptors

  2024-11-09

  

  There are three types of 5-HT2 receptors. 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors Exhibit 46–50% overall sequence identity and couple preferentially to Gq/11 to increase inositol phosphates and cytosolic [Ca2+] and in agreement with their long known role in muscle contraction and stimulation in the br

• br ACK signaling partners ACK

  2024-11-09

  

  ACK1 signaling partners ACK1 interacts with and tyrosine phosphorylates many cellular proteins regulating critical cellular processes [11]. While ACK1 shares common intracellular effectors such as AKT with other signaling pathways, it imparts specificity to signaling by phosphorylating effectors

• The nAChR has been considered an

  2024-11-09

  

  The α7 nAChR has been considered an interesting potential target for numerous therapeutic indications over the last two decades, with GTS-21 one of the first candidates proposed for Alzheimer's disease [2], [3], [23]. Unfortunately, although many α7-selective agonists have been developed [21], none

• Taken together our results indicated that LOX can be induced

  2024-11-09

  

  Taken together, our results indicated that 5-LOX can be induced in mice by MPTP injection, and the 5-LOX inhibitor MK-886 reduced the death of dopaminergic neurons. MK-886 also reduced the LTB4 Piroxicam induced by MPTP. The development of the novel 5-LOX or FLAP inhibitors may provide a new therap

• br Autophagy in hemorrhagic stroke About of all strokes case

  2024-11-09

  

  Autophagy in hemorrhagic stroke About 87% of all strokes cases are ischemic, the rest being hemorrhagic. ICH and SAH are the two major categories of hemorrhagic strokes (Bruder et al., 2014). Both types of stroke are associated with a high mortality and morbidity rate. The corresponding animal mo

• br Viral manipulation of host factors

  2024-11-09

  

  Viral manipulation of host factors to oppose anti-viral autophagy To escape or manipulate autophagy, some viruses developed strategies that are based on the recruitment of host-cell endogenous factors. The non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus adenovirus is rapidly endocytosed after attachment.

• Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key enzymes that

  2024-11-09

  

  Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic beta-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and ot

• br Conclusion This is the

  2024-11-09

  

  Conclusion This is the first report to show that treatment of lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H1299, with ovatodiolid stimulates intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and induces DNA damage. Subsequently activates ATM/ATR and CHK1/2 signaling pathway, inhibits CDC25C and p21WAF1/CIP1,

• BIRB 796 br Concluding remarks It is clear that a

  2024-11-09

  

  Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l-arginine homeostasis by changes in arginase, NOS and ADMA activity and expression, is not only vital in the chronic airway diseases, BIRB 796 and COPD, but also seems to play an important role in many co-morbidities. Unknown, however, is whether

• br Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S aureus

  2024-11-09

  

  Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S. aureus enzymes reportedly induce apoptosis, namely, staphylococcal staphopain B (SspB) and coagulase. SspB selectively cleaved CD11b/CD18 integrin and induced an apoptosis-like cell death in neutrophils and monocytes (Smagur et al., 2009). Neutrophils or mono

• Angiogenesis is a process of

  2024-11-08

  

  Angiogenesis is a process of formation of new vessels from arterial vascularization created by endothelial cells. It is essential for the continuous growth of the tumor because it supplies the tumor with nutrients and oxygen, and eliminates cellular waste, which can be toxic to cancer cells [8]. Inf

• Estudos de biomarcadores mostram que as concentra es

  2024-11-08

  

  Estudos de biomarcadores mostram que as concentrações de proteína amiloide no LCR estão inversamente relacionadas com o grau de doença de Alzheimer. No entanto, quer as placas amiloides quer a diminuição da proteína amiloide podem ser encontradas em idosos sem clínica de disfunção cognitiva, pelo qu

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