• Interestingly hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect ultimat

  2023-07-21

  

  Interestingly, hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect ultimately lead to increased lactate production. The accumulation of lactate results in an acidic tumor microenvironment, which induces local inflammation. Lactate also promotes the polarization of macrophages that express immunosuppressive argin

• There is a growing literature on ABCA expression

  2023-07-21

  

  There is a growing literature on ABCA2 expression in human biopsies, where it has been described as a potential biomarker of leukemias. In childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ABCA2 and ABCA3 were expressed at high levels, which upon treatment with methotrexate, vinblastine and doxorubicin

• In model plant Arabidopsis there are myosin XI

  2023-07-21

  

  In model plant Arabidopsis, there are 13 myosin XI isoforms (XI-1, XI-2, XI-A, XI-B, XI-C, XI-D, XI-E, XI-F, XI-G, XI-H, XI-I, XI-J, and XI-K) and 4 myosin VIII isoforms (ATM1, ATM2, VIII-A, VIII-B) [9,13]. Arabidopsis myosin XIs have the common domain composition: a motor domain that interacts with

• The rapidity of this specific immunosuppressive

  2023-07-21

  

  The rapidity of this specific immunosuppressive therapy suggests that it inhibits or apoptoses plasma cells. Most serum autoantibodies to AChR are produced by long-lived plasma cells residing in spleen and bone marrow. These terminally differentiated cells are resistant to most non-specific immunosu

• The results show that a tonic

  2023-07-20

  

  The results show that a tonic action of ACh on respiration is lacking. However, it is clear that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms can modulate both eupneic breathing and the cough reflex. When these mechanisms are brought into action is obscure and only tentative proposals can be advanced. ACh in t

• br LOX in colorectal cancer Colorectal

  2023-07-20

  

  5-LOX in colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer (CRC) like other malignancies exhibits an overexpression of 5-LOX. Ohd et al. (Ohd et al., 2003) revealed in a study that malignant colon tissues overexpress 5-LOX activity and retain elevated levels of inflammatory mediators, leukotrienes. Additionall

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout

  2023-07-20

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The c

• 3,3',5'-Triiodo-L-thyronine Regarding brain tumors A

  2023-07-20

  

  Regarding 3,3',5'-Triiodo-L-thyronine tumors, AXL has been implicated in gliomagenesis and chemoresistance [39]. Previous investigations found that AXL is constitutively phosphorylated in many glioma cell lines, murine xenograft tumors and primary patient tumor samples [40]. Immunohistochemical anal

• By performing knockdown of AXL once HER cancer cells have

  2023-07-20

  

  By performing knockdown of AXL once HER2+ cancer Tempol have achieved lung colonization, we demonstrated that AXL contributes to the establishment of macrometastases. While inhibition of AXL impairs the efficiency of metastasis, the later finding has major clinical implications since pharmacologica

• br Expression of autotaxin in cancer

  2023-07-20

  

  Expression of autotaxin in cancer Autotaxin (ATX) is a member of the family of NPPs (Nucleotides pyrophosphatases phosphodiesterases (NPP) family with a unique lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity, allowing the synthesis of LPA from lysophospholipid precursors such as the lysophosphatidylcholin

• br Expression of autotaxin in cancer

  2023-07-20

  

  Expression of autotaxin in cancer Autotaxin (ATX) is a member of the family of NPPs (Nucleotides pyrophosphatases phosphodiesterases (NPP) family with a unique lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity, allowing the synthesis of LPA from lysophospholipid precursors such as the lysophosphatidylcholin

• The acidification of endocytic compartments is closely relat

  2023-07-20

  

  The acidification of endocytic compartments is closely related to endocytic activity, although the mechanism linking acidification and membrane dynamics is largely unknown. In a recent RNA interference (RNAi)-based screen, V-ATPase depletion blocked the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles, an effe

• Here we investigate the ATM to

  2023-07-20

  

  Here, we investigate the ATM to ATR switch in normal human fibroblasts (82-6 cells) after irradiation with γ-rays, or high LET 56Fe and 28Si and moderate LET 16O particles. Our data provide important evidence of LET dependence on the transition of ATM to ATR as well as end resection at the sites of

• In vascular endothelial cells L arginine produces nitric oxi

  2023-07-20

  

  In vascular endothelial cells, L-arginine produces nitric oxide (NO) under the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitric oxide can activate guanylate cyclase to produce a large amount of cGMP, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle and expanding blood vessels. Numerous studies have confirme

• br Conclusions br Author declaration br Acknowledgements

  2023-07-20

  

  Conclusions Author declaration Acknowledgements Introduction ASK1 scaffolding proteins ASK1 adaptor proteins Conclusions Scaffolding and adaptor proteins can coordinate the specific activation of a MAP3K-MAP2K-MAPK pathway in response to various stimuli. For example, both azilsa

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