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The relative stereochemistry of both the major and minor
2023-10-21
The relative stereochemistry of both the major and minor diastereoisomer of (±)-2-(hydroxymethyl)blebbistatin (±)- (and thus (±)-2-(allyloxymethyl)blebbistatin (±)-) was determined with 1D-NOESY experiments (), as crystallization efforts failed. These experiments revealed an interaction between H an
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Neuropathic animals display increased sensitivity to
2023-10-21
Neuropathic animals display increased sensitivity to the anti-nociceptive effect of baclofen and whilst the number and affinity of GABAB cisapride in the dorsal horn are not altered (Smith et al., 1994; Zemoura et al., 2016), GABAB receptors subunits (B1 and B2) are both down-regulated in sensory n
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br Conclusion br Acknowledgements br Introduction Synapses a
2023-10-21
Conclusion Acknowledgements Introduction Synapses are the fundamental elements of neuronal networks that enable the processing, encoding, and retrieval of information in the brain, and pathological disruptions in synapse structure are broadly held to underlie the development of neurological
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A different mechanism has been suggested
2023-10-21
A different mechanism has been suggested for the role of TRX1 in ASK1 regulation based on disulfide bond-mediated ASK1 multimerization and its reduction through the thiol-reductase activity of TRX1 (Nadeau et al., 2007, Nadeau et al., 2009). In this model, oxidative stress induces intermolecular dis
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We further evaluated the possibility whether
2023-10-21
We further evaluated the possibility whether letrozole mediates its effect through diverting the pathway towards 5α-DHT and further to 3α-Diol. For this purpose, we measured the concentrations of 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol in mice hippocampus and found that letrozole elevated both 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol levels
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Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation
2023-10-21
Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation, it was hypothesized that the protective effects on cognition were the result of reduction of inflammation and amelioration of neurogenic decrease. However, ARB treatment did not normalize increased inflammation and neurogenic loss. For this reason, the protec
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Perforation of the surface membrane
2023-10-21
Perforation of the surface membrane, however, is not the only mechanism of calcium dysregulation by Aβ at the presynaptic terminals. When in excess, both monomers and oligomers modulate biophysical properties of voltage-activated calcium caspofungin as well as calcium release from the endoplasmic r
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A unique finding in this study is that LO influences
2023-10-21
A unique finding in this study is that 12/15-LO influences CREB phosphorylation in the murine brain. While previous reports have found that knockout of 5-lipoxygenase, a related enzyme that also uses arachidonic Colistin Sulfate for substrate, can regulate CREB phosphoryation in the context of Alzh
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br Comparison to IWG In addition to the NIA AA
2023-10-21
Comparison to IWG In addition to the NIA AA, the other group that has established diagnostic guidelines for AD that incorporate biomarkers is the IWG [64,74,75]. In the most recent formal IWG document, published in 2014 [75], the diagnosis of AD required the presence of cognitive symptoms plus an
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br AHR mediates TCDD toxicity and wasting
2023-10-20
AHR mediates TCDD toxicity and wasting syndrome TCDD causes numerous toxicities in laboratory animals, including teratogenesis, hepatic steatosis, thymic atrophy, immune dysfunction and a lethal wasting syndrome [17]. The dose-dependent sensitivity to TCDD-induced toxicities varies widely among l
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The activity of an enzyme may be regulated allosterically as
2023-10-20
The activity of an enzyme may be regulated allosterically as well as transcriptionally. We have consistently studied REMS deprivation (REMSD) associated NA mediated allosteric regulation of Na-K ATPase activity in neurons and glia in vivo and in vitro (Amar and Mallick, 2015; Amar et al., 2016; Bask
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As the effects of baclofen
2023-10-20
As the effects of baclofen on primary afferent activity are not reproduced by GABAA receptor agonists like muscimol and isoguvacine, this ionotropic receptor may play minimal role in the modulation of primary afferent activity. However, it is important to note that post-synaptic GABAA receptors rema
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The following are the supplementary data related to
2023-10-20
The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Competing interest Ethics approval and consent to participate Authors' contributions Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. D. R. Kaplan for kind advice and materials derived from NB primary cell lines, Dr. F. D. Miller f
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Using the same techniques we found that
2023-10-20
Using the same techniques, we found that UCP3 also has a half-life of between 1 and 4h [117]. In orexin a to UCP2 and UCP3, UCP1 and ANT had much longer half-lives and could not be degraded in the cell-free reconstituted system, suggesting their degradation is not mediated by the cytosolic proteasom
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KU-57788 It has been well established that shortly
2023-10-20
It has been well established that shortly after systemic inflammation, NADPH oxidase and iNOS activity were increased in the KU-57788 and lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO [66]. Moreover, previous studies indicated that Ang II induced an increased level of NADPH oxidase
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